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NTSB: Boeing Knew of Engine Pylon Risk for Two Decades

UPS Boeing MD-11 cargo aircraft taxiing at dusk

Two days of public hearings in Washington last week revealed that Boeing and the Federal Aviation Administration had been aware of a critical cracking risk in the aft pylon of the Boeing MD-11 freighter for more than two decades before the component failed during the takeoff of UPS Flight 2976 in Louisville last November, killing all 15 people aboard. The National Transportation Safety Board’s investigators presented evidence of at least ten prior incidents involving the same spherical bearing — the part believed to have fractured and initiated the catastrophic separation of the left engine and pylon — dating back to 2002. For the aviation industry, the hearings revived questions about whether the mechanisms that translate known risk into mandatory corrective action are fit for purpose.

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Listening: Cargo Door Warning over Austria

How to do this dictation

Listen to the audio and read the transcript in the task section below. The transcript contains 6 deliberate errors — words or phrases that do not match what you hear. Identify each error and write the correct version. Replay the audio as many times as you need, then check your answers against the answer key.

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News Roundup: This Month in Aviation

This Month in Aviation banner: flat icons of a jet, globe, newspaper and speech bubble

This Month in Aviation

Welcome to This Month in Aviation, our regular round-up of the biggest aviation stories from the last four weeks. Below are six short reports — a minute or two of reading each — with a link to the full story if you want to know more.

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NTSB Finds Drugs in Half of Pilots Killed in Crashes

An NTSB study has raised concerns about drug use among private pilots in US aviation accidents.

A new report by the United States National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) has found that more than half of pilots who died in aviation accidents had at least one drug in their system. Released on 14 May 2026, the study examined toxicology results from 930 fatal accidents involving pilots in US civil aviation between 2018 and 2022. The findings have prompted safety experts to call for stronger drug monitoring for private pilots across the country.

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Structure: ‘Participle clauses’

When are participle clauses used?

Skilled writers — particularly in journalism, safety reporting and academic prose — often replace full subordinate clauses with shorter participle clauses. The result is denser, more formal prose that packs context, cause and chronology into half the words.

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Structure: ‘Modals of obligation’

What signal does a modal verb send?

A pilot reading an FAA airworthiness directive does not just read the words — they read the strength of the obligation each verb carries. Must, should and may sit on a sliding scale from legal requirement to optional suggestion, and confusing them can change a polite recommendation into a regulatory demand or vice versa.

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