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Structure: ‘Participle clauses’

When are participle clauses used?

Skilled writers — particularly in journalism, safety reporting and academic prose — often replace full subordinate clauses with shorter participle clauses. The result is denser, more formal prose that packs context, cause and chronology into half the words.

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NTSB Finds Drugs in Half of Pilots Killed in Crashes

An NTSB study has raised concerns about drug use among private pilots in US aviation accidents.

A new report by the United States National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) has found that more than half of pilots who died in aviation accidents had at least one drug in their system. Released on 14 May 2026, the study examined toxicology results from 930 fatal accidents involving pilots in US civil aviation between 2018 and 2022. The findings have prompted safety experts to call for stronger drug monitoring for private pilots across the country.

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